Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 8, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5016
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [IRTG 1911, EXC2167]
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [BMBF -FKZ 01KX2021]
- State of Schleswig-Holstein
- University of Lubeck
- Tuberculosis Foundation SH
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This study conducted long-term monitoring of COVID-19 infection rates through polymerase chain reaction and antibody testing of the local population. The study found higher infection rates in high-exposure groups, especially among nurses. Contact with COVID-19 patients was identified as the strongest risk factor, while public transportation, having children in school, or tourism did not affect infection rates.
With newly rising coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, important data gaps remain on (i) long-term dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates in fixed cohorts (ii) identification of risk factors, and (iii) establishment of effective surveillance strategies. By polymerase chain reaction and antibody testing of 1% of the local population and >90,000 app-based datasets, the present study surveilled a catchment area of 300,000 inhabitants from March 2020 to February 2021. Cohort (56% female; mean age, 45.6 years) retention was 75 to 98%. Increased risk for seropositivity was detected in several high-exposure groups, especially nurses. Unreported infections dropped from 92 to 29% during the study. Contact to COVID-19-affected was the strongest risk factor, whereas public transportation, having children in school, or tourism did not affect infection rates. With the first SARS-CoV-2 cohort study, we provide a transferable model for effective surveillance, enabling monitoring of reinfection rates and increased preparedness for future pandemics.
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