Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 8, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm2923
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Funding
- SURF Cooperative [EINF-2327]
- ERC Consolidator Grant [647648]
- NSF Faculty Early Career Development Program [1942917]
- School of Arts and Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania
- Swiss National Science Foundation [100019L_173248]
- Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Graduate Education at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [100019L_173248] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- European Research Council (ERC) [647648] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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This study reveals the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and brain structure, showing the significant roles of genetic and environmental factors in influencing this relationship. Specifically, certain brain regions are more influenced by genetic factors in SES differences, while other regions are more influenced by environmental factors.
Socioeconomic status (SES) correlates with brain structure, a relation of interest given the long-observed relations of SES to cognitive abilities and health. Yet, major questions remain open, in particular, the pattern of causality that underlies this relation. In an unprecedently large study, here, we assess genetic and environmental contributions to SES differences in neuroanatomy. We first establish robust SES-gray matter relations across a number of brain regions, cortical and subcortical. These regional correlates are parsed into predominantly genetic factors and those potentially due to the environment. We show that genetic effects are stronger in some areas (prefrontal cortex, insula) than others. In areas showing less genetic effect (cerebellum, lateral temporal), environmental factors are likely to be influential. Our results imply a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors that influence the SES-brain relation and may eventually provide insights relevant to policy.
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