Journal
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages 3372-3382Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3098238
Keywords
Sensors; Internet of Things; Energy harvesting; Motion detection; Radio frequency; Reliability; Detectors; Battery-free Internet of Things (IoT); energy harvesting; motion detector; plucking; ubiquitous sensing
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai [21ZR1442300]
- ShanghaiTech University [F-0203-13-003]
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering [ORF-202001]
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This article introduces a robust design of a motion detector, called ViPSN-pluck, that efficiently harvests energy from transient motion and can carry out motion detection and wireless communication. It highlights the high energy reliability of the transient-motion plucking energy harvester and discusses its working principle and energy matching.
The emerging energy harvesting technology facilitates the development of ubiquitous and everlasting battery-free motion detectors. This article introduces a robust design of the transient-motion-powered motion detector, which is called ViPSN-pluck. ViPSN is the acronym for the vibration-powered sensing node while pluck stands for the plucking-motion energy harvester. By using a piezo-magneto-elastic structure, ViPSN-pluck can efficiently harvest energy from a transient motion. By properly making good use of this tiny harvested energy, ViPSN-pluck can effectively carry out motion detection and Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) wireless communication. Given the concurrency of mechanical potential energy precharging and motion detection, the transient-motion plucking energy harvester used in ViPSN-pluck has the merit of high energy reliability. This unique feature is unprecedented in the solar and radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting cases, which might suffer from energy outages under fluctuating irradiance or RF signal strength, respectively. The working principle of ViPSN-pluck, in particular, the dynamic characteristics of the plucking energy harvester and the energy matching between generation and utilization, are discussed in detail to demonstrate the robustness in operation. The cyber-electromechanical synergy among the mechanical dynamics, power conditioning circuit, and low-power embedded system is highlighted. The design methodology of ViPSN-pluck provides a valuable reference for the developments of future motion-powered Internet of Things devices.
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