Journal
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 603-612Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09948-y
Keywords
Endolysin; Antimicrobial; Bacteriophage-mediated lysis; Enzybiotic; Antibiotic substitute; Novel therapy
Categories
Funding
- Brazilian funding agency FundacAo de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de SAo Paulo (FAPESP) [2020/01535-9]
- FAPESP [2020/09815-0, 2021/00465-0]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [309380/2019-7]
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This study identifies new signal-anchor-release (SAR) Endolysin candidates and expands the arsenal of Endolysin candidates that might act against Gram-negative bacteria. These Endolysins are found in multiple protein families with SAR domains and are clustered into eight groups based on biochemical properties and domain presence/absence.
Endolysins are bacteriophage-derived lytic enzymes with antimicrobial activity. The action of endolysins against Gram-negative bacteria remains a challenge due to the physical protection of the outer membrane. However, recent research has demonstrated that signal-anchor-release (SAR) endolysins permeate the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. This study investigates 2628 putative endolysin genes identified in 183,298 bacteriophage genomes. Previously, bioinformatic approaches resulted in a database of 66 SAR endolysins. This manuscript almost doubles the list with 53 additional SAR endolysin candidates. Forty-eight of the putative SAR endolysins described in this study contained one muramidase catalytic domain, and five included additional cell wall-binding domains at the C-terminus. For the moment, SAR domains are found in four protein families: glycoside hydrolase family 19 (GH19), glycoside hydrolase family 24 (GH24), glycoside hydrolase family 25 (GH25), and glycoside hydrolase family 108 (GH108). These SAR lysis are clustered in eight groups based on biochemical properties and domain presence/absence. Therefore, in this study, we expand the arsenal of endolysin candidates that might act against Gram-negative bacteria and develop a consult database for antimicrobial proteins derived from bacteriophages.
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