Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.834862
Keywords
NK cells; T cells; chemokine receptors; lung-homing; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; influenza
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council [NM: 2021-01039]
- Swedish Research Council [2021-01039] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This study compared NK cells and T cells in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus, focusing on the expression of chemokine receptors involved in lung recruitment. The results suggest a potential role for NK cells and T cells expressing CXCR3(+), CXCR6(+), and/or CCR5(+) in moderate COVID-19 and influenza patients, indicating common targets for therapeutic interventions in respiratory viral infections.
Respiratory viral infections with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses commonly induce a strong infiltration of immune cells into the human lung, with potential detrimental effects on the integrity of the lung tissue. Despite comprising the largest fractions of circulating lymphocytes in the lung, rather little is known about how peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell and T cell subsets are equipped for lung-homing in COVID-19 and influenza. Here, we provide a detailed comparative analysis of NK cells and T cells in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus, focusing on the protein and gene expression of chemokine receptors known to be involved in recruitment to the lung. For this, we used 28-colour flow cytometry as well as re-analysis of a publicly available single-cell RNA-seq dataset from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Frequencies of NK cells and T cells expressing CXCR3, CXCR6, and CCR5 were altered in peripheral blood of COVID-19 and influenza patients, in line with increased transcript expression of CXCR3, CXCR6, and CCR5 and their respective ligands in BAL fluid. NK cells and T cells expressing lung-homing receptors displayed stronger phenotypic signs of activation compared to cells lacking lung-homing receptors, and activation was overall stronger in influenza compared to COVID-19. Together, our results indicate a role for CXCR3(+), CXCR6(+), and/or CCR5(+) NK cells and T cells that potentially migrate to the lungs in moderate COVID-19 and influenza patients, identifying common targets for future therapeutic interventions in respiratory viral infections.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available