4.6 Article

Hydrogen sulphide alleviates Fusarium Head Blight in wheat seedlings

Journal

PEERJ
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

PEERJ INC
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13078

Keywords

Wheat; Fusarium graminearum; Resistance; Hydrogen sulphide

Funding

  1. Major Special Project of Anhui Province, China [202103a06020002]
  2. President Foundation of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [YZJJ2020QN29]

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This study first reported that hydrogen sulphide (H2S) can significantly alleviate the symptoms of FHB in wheat caused by F. graminearum. H2S enhances FHB resistance by reducing oxidative stress and upregulating defence-related gene expression. In addition, H2S exhibits toxic effects on F. graminearum, inhibiting its growth and spore germination.
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), a crucial gas signal molecule, has been reported to be involved in various processes related to development and adversity responses in plants. However, the effects and regulatory mechanism of H2S in controlling Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat have not been clarified. In this study, we first reported that H2S released by low concentrations of sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS) could significantly alleviate the FHB symptoms caused by Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) in wheat. We also used coleoptile inoculation to investigate the related physiological and molecular mechanism. The results revealed that FHB resistance was strongly enhanced by the H2S released by NaHS, and 0.3 mM was confirmed as the optimal concentration. H2S treatment dramatically reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) while enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, the relative expressions levels of defence-related genes, including PR1.1, PR2, PR3, and PR4, were all dramatically upregulated. Our results also showed that H2S was toxic to F. graminearum by inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination. Taken together, the findings demonstrated the potential value of H2S in mitigating the adverse effects induced by F. graminearum and advanced the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms in wheat.

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