Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano12111831
Keywords
adsorbents; poly (amidoamine); heavy metal ions; adsorption mechanisms; further functionalization
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [22174080, 21974121]
- Ningbo University Scientific Research Grant of Ningbo University [215-432000282]
- Ningbo Top Talent Project [215-432094250]
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Rapid industrialization has led to serious heavy metal pollution, highlighting the importance of removing heavy metal ions from solutions for environmental safety and human health. Poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers, as artificial macromolecular materials with unique properties, exhibit a high affinity for heavy metal ions. This review focuses on PAMAM-functionalized adsorbents with different nanomaterial substrates, discussing their adsorption performance, mechanisms, and factors influencing adsorption.
Rapid industrialization has resulted in serious heavy metal pollution. The removal of heavy metal ions from solutions is very important for environmental safety and human health. Poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are artificial macromolecular materials with unique physical and chemical properties. Abundant amide bonds and amino functional groups provide them with a high affinity for heavy metal ions. Herein, PAMAM-functionalized adsorbents are reviewed in terms of different nanomaterial substrates. Approaches in which PAMAM is grafted onto the surfaces of substrates are described in detail. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of these adsorbents are also discussed. The effects of PAMAM generation, pH, adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, thermodynamics, and ionic strength on adsorption performance are summarized. Adsorption mechanisms and the further functionalization of PAMAM-grafted adsorbents are reviewed. In addition to the positive results, existing problems are also put forward in order to provide a reference for the optimization of PAMAM-grafted adsorbents of heavy metal ions.
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