Journal
CATALYSTS
Volume 12, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/catal12060589
Keywords
imidazole N-oxides; mechanochemistry; imidazolium salts; NHC carbenes; sulfur-transfer reactions; imidazole-2-thiones
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Funding
- National Science Centre (Cracow, Poland) [2016/23/G/ST5/04115/1]
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Synthetically relevant 2-unsubstituted imidazole N-oxides were successfully synthesized using the ball-milling mechanochemical method. This approach not only expanded the scope of the known method, but also enabled the preparation of previously little known N(1)-aryl-substituted derivatives. These derivatives are important starting materials for the synthesis of more complex imidazole-based organic materials. Additionally, the study also investigated selected one-pot mechanochemical transformations including N- and O-alkylations as well as sulfur transfer reactions.
Synthetically relevant 2-unsubstituted imidazole N-oxides were obtained by using the ball-milling mechanochemical method. The presented approach extended the scope of the known method and enabled the preparation of hitherto little known N(1)-aryl-substituted derivatives, which are of interest as starting materials for the synthesis of more complex imidazole-based organic materials, generally in good to excellent yields. In addition, selected one-pot mechanochemical transformations including N- and O-alkylations as well as sulfur transfer reactions based on either (3+2)-cycloaddition reaction with 2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutane-1,3-dithione or sulfurization of the transient imidazol-2-ylidenes, generated from corresponding imidazolium salts, were studied. The reported results can be considered as a continuation of long-term studies focused on the synthesis and applications of 2-unsubstituted imidazole N-oxides.
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