Journal
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863482
Keywords
flower color; anthocyanin; flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferases; enzyme activity; Rhododendron delavayi
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31760076]
- Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou province [U1812401]
- department of education of Guizhou Province [KY [2021]059]
- Guizhou Science and Technology project [[2017]5726, [2019]1019]
- Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
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The research identified anthocyanidin 3-O-glycosides as the main anthocyanins in Rhododendron delavayi flowers, highlighting the key role of flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase in flower color formation. Rd3GT1 and Rd3GT6 were identified as crucial genes involved in the formation of flower color.
Flower color, largely determined by anthocyanin, is one of the most important ornamental values of Rhododendron delavayi. However, scant information of anthocyanin biosynthesis has been reported in R. delavayi. We found that anthocyanidin 3-O-glycosides were the predominant anthocyanins detected in R. delavayi flowers accounting for 93.68-96.31% of the total anthocyanins during its development, which indicated the key role of flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase (3GT) on R. delavayi flower color formation. Subsequently, based on correlation analysis between anthocyanins accumulation and Rd3GTs expressions during flower development, Rd3GT1 and Rd3GT6 were preliminarily identified as the pivotal 3GT genes involved in the formation of color of R. delavayi flower. Tissue-specific expressions of Rd3GT1 and Rd3GT6 were examined, and their function as 3GT in vivo was confirmed through introducing into Arabidopsis UGT78D2 mutant and Nicotiana tabacum plants. Furthermore, biochemical characterizations showed that both Rd3GT1 and Rd3GT6 could catalyze the addition of UDP-sugar to the 3-OH of anthocyanidin, and preferred UDP-Gal as their sugar donor and cyanidin as the most efficient substrate. This study not only provides insights into the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in R. delavayi, but also makes contribution to understand the mechanisms of its flower color formation.
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