Contextual control of conditioned pain tolerance and endogenous analgesic systems

Article Clinical Neurology

Reframe the Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Parent-Led Memory-Reframing Intervention

Maria Pavlova et al.

Summary: The memory-reframing intervention can help children remember their pain experiences more accurately and change negative pain memories.

JOURNAL OF PAIN (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

Dual-Factor Representation of the Environmental Context in the Retrosplenial Cortex

Adam M. P. Miller et al.

Summary: The retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is believed to play a crucial role in spatial and contextual memory processes. Through recording RSC neuronal responses in rats exploring different environments, researchers discovered two types of context representations: one based on a novel rate code where neurons fire at a higher rate in the preferred context, and a second involving context-dependent spatial firing patterns similar to those in the hippocampus. This suggests that the RSC employs a unique dual-factor representational mechanism to support contextual memory.

CEREBRAL CORTEX (2021)

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Article Anesthesiology

Introducing descending control of nociception: a measure of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in conscious animals

Kirsty Bannister et al.

PAIN (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

The anterior retrosplenial cortex encodes event-related information and the posterior retrosplenial cortex encodes context-related information during memory formation

Sydney Trask et al.

Summary: Recent studies have indicated that there are different impacts on memory formation when either the anterior or posterior region of the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is damaged in rats. Inhibition of neural activity in the anterior RSC selectively impacted behavior evoked by the auditory CS, while inhibition of the posterior RSC selectively impaired memory for the context in which training was conducted. These findings highlight distinct roles of subregions of the RSC in learning and memory.

NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Naloxone-induced analgesia mediated by central kappa opioid system in chronic inflammatory pain

Grace J. Lee et al.

Summary: The analgesic effect induced by naloxone may be mediated by blocking facilitated kappa-opioid systems in the NAc and CeA, while KOR antagonist also reduces chronic pain behaviors.

BRAIN RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Psychology, Experimental

Interoceptive Cardiac Signals Selectively Enhance Fear Memories

Sarah N. Garfinkel et al.

Summary: Fear is associated with physiological arousal, and in this study, it was found that cardiac signals play a significant role in threat learning and memory. Stimuli presented during cardiac ventricular systole resulted in greater skin conductance responses, especially in more anxious individuals. The findings also suggest that altering the context of cardiac signals can disrupt fear memory, highlighting the importance of cardiac arousal in reinforcing and maintaining threat reactivity.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL (2021)

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Review Neurosciences