From Biomass to Green Aromatics: Direct Upgrading of Furfural-Ethanol Mixtures

This work demonstrates that the production of aromatics by gas-phase Diels-Alder condensation of biomass platform molecules (furfural and ethanol) is feasible in the same terms as using chemicals from a petrochemical origin or more complex preparation procedures (as ethylene or furan). Thus, a double benefit for the environment is obtained since a waste biomass is proposed as the raw material to produce industrial high-value products by a renewable route. Experimental results with acid zeolites (ZSM-5) at 500 degrees C reveal total conversion and aromatic selectivities >42% (mono and bicyclic ones), with a similar catalytic stability to the most widely studied furanethylene system, a clear consequence that the furfural oligomerization is prevented by the prevalence of a Diels-Alder mechanism.

Automated summary

This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing aromatics through gas-phase Diels-Alder condensation using biomass platform molecules, with comparable results to using chemicals or more complex preparation procedures. It emphasizes the advantage of using waste biomass as a raw material to produce industrial high-value products through a renewable route, resulting in a double benefit for the environment.