Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
Volume 43, Issue 10, Pages 1893-1904Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12802
Keywords
area-richness correlation; BAMM; beast; BioGeoBEARS; Cyperaceae; herbarium specimens; historical biogeography; Poales
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Funding
- NSF DOB [DEB-1046355]
- NSF DDIG [1311153]
- NSERC Discovery Grant
- NSF graduate research fellowship
- BSA
- ASPT
- UW Department of Botany Flora Aeterna Fellowship
- UW Department of Botany Davis Research grant
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1311153] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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AimAcross angiosperm families, the area occupied by a family is strongly correlated with its richness. We explore the causes of this area-richness correlation using the cosmopolitan family, Cyperaceae Juss., as a model. We test the hypothesis that, despite a proposed tropical origin, temperate lineages in the family diversified at elevated rates. We test the hypothesis that the area-richness correlation is maintained within intrafamilial clades, and that this relationship could be described as a function of niche space. We also test the hypothesis that the partitioning of geographical and ecological space, not the extent of this space, is the factor most closely associated with clade richness. LocationCosmopolitan. MethodsWe use molecular data from four genes sequenced in 384 taxa to develop a chronogram of Cyperaceae. We then develop a model of ancestral ranges and measure rates of diversification throughout the history of the family. Integrating data from over 4,800,000 digitized herbarium records, we characterize the range and niche of more than 4500 species and test for correlations of the species richness maintained within clades with range size, range partitioning, range overlap, niche, clade age and rate of diversification. ResultsCyperaceae originated in South America in the late Cretaceous and subsequently dispersed throughout the globe. Of three increases in diversification rate, two occurred in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The variable most closely associated with clade richness is the partitioning of geographical space by species within each clade. Main conclusionsWe show that species-rich clades in Cyperaceae are not only more widespread, occupy more niche space, and diversify more quickly, but also exhibit patterns that are consistent with the partitioning of geographical and ecological space as a major correlate to diversification.
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