Clinical and Prognostic Characteristics of Recurrent Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Contrast to First-Ever ICH

This study aimed to compare clinical and prognostic characteristics between recurrent and first-ever ICH. Four thousand twelve patients entered the study, and 64% of them were male. The median age is 62 years (interquartile range, 55-71). Among them, 3,750 (93.5%) patients had no experience of previous ICH, and 262 (6.5%) patients were considered as recurrent ICH. We compared demographic data, baseline clinical characteristics, imaging information, hematological parameters, and clinical outcomes between recurrent and first-ever ICH. We found that recurrent ICH was significantly associated with older age, more frequent history of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, while patients with recurrent ICH had previously received more antihypertensive therapy, and showed lower admission blood pressure (median, 160 vs. 167 mmHg) and higher baseline of National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score (median, 10 vs. 9). We also demonstrated that recurrent ICH was an independent risk factor of 3-month function dependence after adjusting for many potentially competitive risk factors.

Automated summary

This study compared the clinical and prognostic characteristics between recurrent and first-ever intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The results showed that recurrent ICH was associated with older age, history of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Patients with recurrent ICH had previously received more antihypertensive therapy, had lower admission blood pressure, and higher baseline National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score. Recurrent ICH was also found to be an independent risk factor for 3-month function dependence.