4.7 Article

Parental Prepuberty Overweight and Offspring Lung Function

Journal

NUTRIENTS
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14071506

Keywords

lung function; overweight; nutrition; prepuberty; father; paternal; male; men; causal inference; intergenerational; counterfactual-based mediation analysis; ECRHS; RHINE; RHINESSA

Funding

  1. Research Council of Norway [274767, 214123, 228174, 230827, 273838]
  2. ERC [804199]
  3. European Union [633212]
  4. Bergen Medical Research Foundation
  5. Western Norwegian Regional Health Authorities [912011, 911892, 911631]
  6. World University Network
  7. Norwegian Labour Inspection
  8. Norwegian Asthma and Allergy Association
  9. Sociedad Espanola de Patologia Respiratoria (SEPAR) Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria [FIS PS09]
  10. Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation
  11. Swedish Asthma and Allergy Association
  12. Iceland University
  13. NHMRC [1128450]
  14. Melbourne University
  15. Estonian Research Council [PUT562]
  16. Danish Wood Foundation [444508795]
  17. Danish Working Environment Authority [20150067134]
  18. Aarhus University
  19. Danish Lung Association
  20. Estonian Science Foundation
  21. Icelandic Research Council
  22. Norwegian Research Council
  23. Vardal Foundation for Health Care Science and Allergy Research
  24. Medical Research Council (ECRHS III)
  25. National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1128450] Funding Source: NHMRC
  26. European Research Council (ERC) [804199] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)

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In a recent study, it was found that fathers' overweight during puberty is associated with asthma in their adult offspring. However, the potential impact on the adult lung function of the offspring, which is an important marker of overall and respiratory health, has not been studied. The study investigated the causal effects of parents' overweight on the lung function of adult offspring, specifically within the paternal and maternal lines. The findings suggest that fathers' overweight before puberty can lead to lower FEV1 and FVC in their future sons, partially mediated through the sons' adult height.
In a recent study we found that fathers' but not mothers' onset of overweight in puberty was associated with asthma in adult offspring. The potential impact on offspring's adult lung function, a key marker of general and respiratory health, has not been studied. We investigated the potential causal effects of parents' overweight on adult offspring's lung function within the paternal and maternal lines. We included 929 offspring (aged 18-54, 54% daughters) of 308 fathers and 388 mothers (aged 40-66). Counterfactual-based multi-group mediation analyses by offspring's sex (potential moderator) were used, with offspring's prepubertal overweight and/or adult height as potential mediators. Unknown confounding was addressed by simulation analyses. Fathers' overweight before puberty had a negative indirect effect, mediated through sons' height, on sons' forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (beta (95% CI): -144 (-272, -23) mL) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (beta (95% CI): -210 (-380, -34) mL), and a negative direct effect on sons' FVC (beta (95% CI): -262 (-501, -9) mL); statistically significant effects on FEV1/FVC were not observed. Mothers' overweight before puberty had neither direct nor indirect effects on offspring's lung function. Fathers' overweight starting before puberty appears to cause lower FEV1 and FVC in their future sons. The effects were partly mediated through sons' adult height but not through sons' prepubertal overweight.

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