4.7 Review

The Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Nutritional Status and Its Possible Relation with Oral Diseases

Journal

NUTRIENTS
Volume 14, Issue 10, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu14102002

Keywords

chronic kidney disease; periodontal diseases; hypovitaminosis; protein-energy wasting; metabolic acidosis; low-grade inflammation; high-protein diet

Ask authors/readers for more resources

Several studies have shown a strong link between periodontal diseases and chronic kidney disease, possibly due to malnutrition, vitamin dysregulation, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis, and low-grade inflammation. It is important for a multidisciplinary team to manage patients with these two conditions and develop treatment strategies.
Several studies have demonstrated a strong relation between periodontal diseases and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main mechanisms at the base of this link are malnutrition, vitamin dysregulation, especially of B-group vitamins and of C and D vitamins, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis and low-grade inflammation. In particular, in hemodialysis (HD) adult patients, an impairment of nutritional status has been observed, induced not only by the HD procedures themselves, but also due to numerous CKD-related comorbidities. The alteration of nutritional assessment induces systemic manifestations that have repercussions on oral health, like oral microbiota dysbiosis, slow healing of wounds related to hypovitaminosis C, and an alteration of the supporting bone structures of the oral cavity related to metabolic acidosis and vitamin D deficiency. Low-grade inflammation has been observed to characterize periodontal diseases locally and, in a systemic manner, CKD contributes to the amplification of the pathological process, bidirectionally. Therefore, CKD and oral disease patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary professional team that can evaluate the possible co-presence of these two pathological conditions, that negatively influence each other, and set up therapeutic strategies to treat them. Once these patients have been identified, they should be included in a follow-up program, characterized by periodic checks in order to manage these pathological conditions.

Authors

I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.

Reviews

Primary Rating

4.7
Not enough ratings

Secondary Ratings

Novelty
-
Significance
-
Scientific rigor
-
Rate this paper

Recommended

No Data Available
No Data Available