Association between Vitamin Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease According to a Variant Located Upstream of the PTGS1 Gene: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Shika Study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have been advised to take vitamins; however, the effects have been controversial. The individual differences in developing CKD might involve genetic variants of inflammation, including variant rs883484 located upstream of the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) gene. We aimed to identify whether the 12 dietary vitamin intake interacts with genotypes of the rs883484 on developing CKD. The population-based, cross-sectional study had 684 Japanese participants (>= 40 years old). The study used a validated, brief, self-administered diet history questionnaire to estimate the intake of the dietary vitamins. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). The study participants had an average age of 62.1 +/- 10.8 years with 15.4% minor homozygotes of rs883484, and 114 subjects had CKD. In the fully adjusted model, the higher intake of vitamins, namely niacin (odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57-0.96, p = 0.024), alpha-tocopherol (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26-0.95, p = 0.034), and vitamin C (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00, p = 0.037), was independently associated with lower CKD tendency in the minor homozygotes of rs883484. The results suggested the importance of dietary vitamin intake in the prevention of CKD in middle-aged to older-aged Japanese with minor homozygous of rs883484 gene variant.

Automated summary

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between dietary vitamin intake and the rs883484 genotype in the development of CKD. The results showed that higher intake of niacin, alpha-tocopherol, and vitamin C were independently associated with a lower tendency of CKD in individuals with the minor homozygotes of the rs883484 gene variant. This suggests the importance of dietary vitamin intake in preventing CKD in middle-aged to older-aged Japanese individuals with this specific gene variant.