Journal
JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS
Volume 33, Issue 9, Pages 1239-1246Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0756-7
Keywords
Seminal cytokine; ROS; Semen quality; Histone-to-protamine transition
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81370751]
- Guangdong Natural Science Foundation [2014A030313502]
- Guangzhou City Science and Technology Administration [201510010014]
- Guangdong Science and Technology Department Foundation [2013B021800273]
- Guangdong Education Department Foundation [2014KTSCX101]
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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, histone transition, and seminal cytokine concentrations. Total levels of ROS in semen samples from 6560 men were measured. From this sample, 118 cases with high ROS and 106 controls were recruited. Basic semen parameters and histone-to-protamine ratios were analyzed, 400 semen cytokine and receptor alterations were assayed by protein chip, and finally 18 cytokines were validated in each sample using a Bio-Plex Cytokine assay. The results showed that the seminal ROS concentration was associated with abnormalities in the sperm histone transition. Compared with controls, 93 cytokines had significant alterations in the high ROS cases, with 14 of them further verified in individual samples. The concentrations of CXCL5, CXCL16, CXCL8, IL-1b, IL-10, CSF3, CCL3, and TNF-alpha were significantly correlated with the histone transition ratio. In addition, IL-16 showed significantly different concentrations in controls, normal semen with high ROS levels, and abnormal semen with high ROS levels. Semen ROS are associated with abnormalities in sperm histone transition. CXCL5, CXCL8, IL-16, CCL8, CCL22, CCL20, CXCL16, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, CSF3, CCL3, CCL4, and TNF-alpha all have elevated concentrations in semen with high ROS levels. These data might help to explain the mechanisms behind the increase in the levels of ROS and seminal cytokines and their relationship with defective spermatogenesis.
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