Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29982-2
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Funding
- Sorbonne Universite
- PSL University
- CNRS
- IUF [ANR-17-CE07-0018 HyperSiLight, ANR-20-CE07-0038 LuxOr]
- Chinese Scholarship Council
- GENCI-CINES [2020- [A0090812017]]
- HPC
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Photosensitization of organogold intermediates is an emerging field in catalysis. Researchers have discovered a gold-catalyzed reaction that produces 2,3-disubstituted indoles from specific substrates using visible-light irradiation without the need for an external photocatalyst. The reaction has a wide range of applications and involves the formation of emissive aggregates through the interaction of a potassium sulfonyl amide reactant, leading to photoactivation of the organogold intermediate.
Photosensitization of organogold intermediates is an emerging field in catalysis. In this context, an access to 2,3-disubstituted indoles from o-alkynyl aniline and iodoalkyne derivatives via a gold-catalyzed sequence under visible-light irradiation and in the absence of an exogenous photocatalyst was uncovered. A wide scope of the process is observed. Of note, 2-iodo-ynamides can be used as electrophiles in this cross-coupling reaction. The resulting N-alkynyl indoles lend themselves to post-functionalization affording valuable scaffolds, notably benzo[a]carbazoles. Mechanistic studies converge on the fact that a potassium sulfonyl amide generates emissive aggregates in the reaction medium. Static quenching of these aggregates by a vinylgold(I) intermediate yields to an excited state of the latter, which can react with an electrophile via oxidative addition and reductive elimination to forge the key C-C bond. This reactant-induced photoactivation of an organogold intermediate opens rich perspectives in the field of cross-coupling reactions. Dual photo- and metal-catalysis is generally not well-understood when the metal catalyst is a gold complex. Here the authors show that a variation of a known metallaphotoredox annulation is possible without an added photocatalyst, proceeding putatively through a gold-intermediate photosensitization by the aggregate of a potassium amide reactant, and yielding indole derivatives.
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