Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29974-2
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Funding
- ERC [340975-MUSiC]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) through the National Centre of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology (NCCR QSIT)
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This study demonstrates terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of an individual subwavelength meta-atom using an asymmetric immersion lens setup and a complementary resonating meta-surface. The linewidth dependence and ultrastrongly coupled Landau polaritons are investigated, providing insights into the control of light-matter interaction at the single electron/resonator level. The proposed technique has potential applications in characterizing complex conductivity in micron-sized samples in the terahertz domain.
Free-space coupling to subwavelength individual optical elements is a central theme in quantum optics, as it allows the control over individual quantum systems. Here we show that, by combining an asymmetric immersion lens setup and a complementary resonating meta-surface we are able to perform terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of an individual, strongly subwavelength meta-atom. We unravel the linewidth dependence as a function of the meta-atom number indicating quenching of the superradiant coupling. On these grounds, we investigate ultrastrongly coupled Landau polaritons at the single resonator level, measuring a normalized coupling ratio Omega/omega = 0.6. Similar measurements on a lower density two dimensional electron gas yield a coupling ratio Omega/omega = 0.33 with a cooperativity C= 94. Our findings pave the way towards the control of ultrastrong light-matter interaction at the single electron/resonator level. The proposed technique is way more general and can be useful to characterize the complex conductivity of micron-sized samples in the terahertz domain.
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