Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29521-z
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Cancer Research UK [H2020-EXPANSE, 874627]
- NIHR Professorship [22184]
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Wellcome Trust [200861/Z/16/Z, 200187/Z/15/Z]
- Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre of Imperial College NHS Trust [U01CK0005-01-02]
- NIHR School of Public Health Research
- NIHR Applied Research Collaborative North West London
- Wellcome Trust [UNS32973]
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health
- NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre [MR/L01341X/1, MR/S019669/1]
- NIHR HPRUs in Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards and in Environmental Exposures and Health
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence at Imperial College London
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial [MC_PC_17114]
- Huo Family Foundation - Department of Health and Social Care in England
- NIHR
- [MR/V030841/1]
- [COV-LT-0040]
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This study characterizes Long COVID using data from the REACT-2 community-based study in England, estimating the prevalence of persistent symptoms and identifying risk factors. It also finds evidence of symptom clustering.
Long COVID remains a broadly defined syndrome, with estimates of prevalence and duration varying widely. We use data from rounds 3-5 of the REACT-2 study (n = 508,707; September 2020 - February 2021), a representative community survey of adults in England, and replication data from round 6 (n = 97,717; May 2021) to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of persistent symptoms lasting 12 weeks or more; and unsupervised learning to cluster individuals by reported symptoms. At 12 weeks in rounds 3-5, 37.7% experienced at least one symptom, falling to 21.6% in round 6. Female sex, increasing age, obesity, smoking, vaping, hospitalisation with COVID-19, deprivation, and being a healthcare worker are associated with higher probability of persistent symptoms in rounds 3-5, and Asian ethnicity with lower probability. Clustering analysis identifies a subset of participants with predominantly respiratory symptoms. Managing the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 will remain a major challenge for affected individuals and their families and for health services. This study characterises Long COVID using data from the REACT-2 community-based study in England. It estimates that 38% (in autumn/winter 2020/21) and 22% (in spring 2021) of people reported at least one symptom 12 weeks after symptom onset; identifies risk factors for persistent symptoms; and finds evidence of symptom clustering.
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