Journal
JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 580-594Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2065371
Keywords
Aphalaridae; Calophyidae; Carsidaridae; Liviidae; Psyllidae; Mastigimatidae; Triozidae; sterols; host relations; lerp-forming; sap-sucking
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The Psylloidea is a group of plant-feeding insects that mainly inhabit tropical regions and exhibit gall-inducing, free-living, and lerp-forming behaviors. They show host specificity to dicotyledons and are regulated by specific lipids and sterols. However, the nutritional physiology of gall-inducing Psylloidea is less known compared to their free-living counterparts, and further research is needed to understand their association with host plants.
The Psylloidea, >4000 named species known today, are plant-feeding, sap-sucking insects sleeved under the Sternorrhyncha. Most species of Psylloidea are confined to the tropics. They occur as gall-inducing, free-living, and lerp-forming taxa. Lifecycles and generations of gall-inducing Psylloidea vary in temperate and tropical worlds. The Triozidae, Aphalaridae, and Calophyidae include several taxa that induce galls of diverse morphologies, from simple pits and leaf-margin rolls to complex pouches and of two-tier structures. The feeding mechanism and nutritional physiology of the gall-inducing taxa of the Psylloidea differ from those of the free-living and lerp-forming species. A majority of the gall-inducing Psylloidea are associated with the dicotyledons and a small number with the monocotyledons. The gall-inducing Psylloidea are specific to certain plants. Their host specificity is regulated by specific lipids and sterols. The gall-inducing Psylloidea show conservative behavior in terms of geographical distribution. Although the life histories of several gall-inducing Psylloidea are known today, aspects explaining their association with host plants are little known. Details of nutritional physiology of gall-inducing Psylloidea are less known presently compared with that of the free-living species. A better understanding of the association and level of relationship between gall-inducing Psylloidea and their host plants is necessary.
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