Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Volume 92, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105030
Keywords
B. longum subsp. longum; Anti-inflammation; Intestinal barrier; Comparative genomics
Categories
Funding
- Hundred, Thousand and Ten Thousand Science and Technology Major Special Project of Heilongjiang Province: Dairy Products and Meat Processing [2020ZX07B01]
- Chinese nutrition society -Feihe physique nutrition and health research fund [CNSFeihe2020A37]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [32072190]
- Academic Backbone Plan of Northeast Agricultural University [19YJXG10]
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B. longum subsp. longum K5 has anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier protective effects. It can regulate inflammatory mediators and improve cell paracellular permeability. K5 performs better than K15 in these aspects. The whole-genome sequencing results reveal genes associated with the immune system, carbohydrate metabolism, and signal transduction in K5-specific genes.
Excessive immune responses and intestinal barrier injury are leading causes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Previously, we demonstrated that B. longum subsp. longum K5 alleviated DSS-stimulated colitis in mice, while K15 could not. Here, we investigated both strains' underlying mechanisms regarding their anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier protective capacities. We assessed the potential characters of two strains, anti-inflammation activities in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model, and intestinal epithelial barrier functions in the LPS-induced Caco-2 cell monolayers model. Results showed that B. longum subsp. longum K5 exhibited high inhibition against the adhesion of E. coli ATCC 25922 to HT-29 and acetic acid production. B. longum subsp. longum K5 (MOI 1:100) significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6) and in-flammatory mediator ROS, NO level in LPS (1 mu g/mL) -induced RAW 264.7 cells. It also significantly increased TEER value and decreased paracellular permeability of Caco-2 cells stimulated by LPS. B. longum subsp. longum K5 (MOI 1:100) up-regulated ZO-1, occlaudin and claudin-1 mRNA expression, down-regulated the mRNA expression level of TLR4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6) in LPS (100 mu g/mL)-stimulated Caco-2 cells. While B. longum subsp. longum K15 did not do as well as B. longum subsp. longum K5 on these assays. Furthermore, the whole-genome sequencing results revealed a gene encoding fatty acid synthase associated with the immune system in K5 specific genes, LacI family related with carbohydrate metabolism, and serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in signal transduction with an amino acid mutation. Our findings provided the theoretical basis for B. longum subsp. longum K5 to be used as a candidate for IBD therapy.
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