Journal
VIRUSES-BASEL
Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/v14051036
Keywords
influenza D virus; innate immunity; interferon; virus pathogenesis
Categories
Funding
- Institutional Development Award (IDeA) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the NIH [P20 GM103443]
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This article reviews the known information about the host-pathogen interactions that limit the disease caused by influenza D virus (IDV). It focuses on the early immune interactions between the virus and infected host cells in IDV pathogenesis. This work establishes a foundation for further research on IDV infection and immunity in mammalian hosts.
The newest type of influenza virus, influenza D virus (IDV), was isolated in 2011. IDV circulates in several animal species worldwide, causing mild respiratory illness in its natural hosts. Importantly, IDV does not cause clinical disease in humans and does not spread easily from person to person. Here, we review what is known about the host-pathogen interactions that may limit IDV illness. We focus on early immune interactions between the virus and infected host cells in our summary of what is known about IDV pathogenesis. This work establishes a foundation for future research into IDV infection and immunity in mammalian hosts.
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