Journal
ZOOKEYS
Volume -, Issue 1101, Pages 109-129Publisher
PENSOFT PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1101.76266
Keywords
Aggregation; aposematism; behavioural traits; death feigning; defence; mimicry; Oniscidea
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Funding
- Faculty of Science of Palacky University Olomouc [IGA_PrF_2021_014]
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Terrestrial isopods have developed various behavioral and morphological adaptations to avoid terrestrial predators, including tonic immobility, conglobation, and clinging to the ground. However, most of these strategies have not been studied.
Terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) represent a widespread group of land Crustacea that have been able to successfully adapt to the terrestrial environment and occupy newly formed ecological niches. During the colonisation of land, they faced numerous challenges, including finding an effective way to avoid their new terrestrial predators. In response to predation pressure, they have developed various behavioural and morphological adaptations. These include tonic immobility, conglobation, clinging to the ground, releasing strongly acidic secretions, jumping, and efficient running away. Furthermore, terrestrial isopods can aggregate with other individuals, use stridulation, or change their typical activity time. Some of them also developed spiny tergites and aposematic colouration or posture. The majority of these strategies have not yet been studied.
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