Journal
SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 45, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2022.126307
Keywords
Soda solonchak soils; Haloalkaliphilic; Actinobacteria; Micromonosporaceae; Polyhydrolytic
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [20-14-00250]
- Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education
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A new species, Natronosporangium hydrolitycum, was identified from hydrolytic bacteria in saline alkaline soils in southwestern Siberia. It exhibits obligate alkaliphilic and moderate halophilic characteristics, utilizing various sugars as growth substrates.
During a cultural diversity survey on hydrolytic bacteria in saline alkaline soils, a hydrolytic actinobacterium strain ACPA39T was enriched and isolated in pure culture from a soda solonchak soil in southwestern Siberia. It forms a substrate mycelium with rod-shaped sporangia containing 1-3 exospores. The isolate is obligately alkaliphilic, growing at pH 7.5-10.3 (optimum at 8.5-9.0) and moderately halophilic, tolerating up to 3 M total Na+ in the form of sodium carbonates. It is an obligately aerobic, organoheteroterophic, saccharolytic bacterium, utilizing various sugars and alpha/beta-glucans as growth substrates. According to the 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis, strain ACPA39T forms a distinct branch within the family Micromonosporaceae, with the sequence identities below 94.5% with type strains of other genera. This is confirmed by phylogenomic analysis based on the 120 conserved single copy protein-based markers and genomic indexes (ANI, AAI). The cell-wall of ACPA39T contained meso-DAP, glycine, glutamic acid and alanine in a equimolar ratio, characteristic of the peptidoglycan type A1c'. The whole-cell sugars include galactose and xylose. The major menaquinone is MK-10(H4). The identified polar lipids consist of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. The polar lipid fatty acids were dominated by anteiso-C17:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0, 10 Me-C18: 0 and C18:1x9. Based on the distinct phylogeny, the chemotaxonomy features and unique phenotypic properties, strain ACPA39T (DSM 106523T = VKM 2772T) is classified into a new genus and species in the family Micromonosporaceae for which the name Natronosporangium hydrolitycum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.
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