Journal
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
Volume 240, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111698
Keywords
Desalination; Absorber and condenser nano-coating; Water droplet movement; Thermal performance; Water quality
Funding
- KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India
- RUSA
- MHRD, Government of India
- State Project Directorate RUSA, Government of Tamilnadu
- Euro-pean Commission [731032]
- Sunway University [STR-RCGS-MATSCI [S] -001-2021]
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Two design modifications, using black paint and nano-silicon-coated glass, are proposed to increase the evaporation/condensation and freshwater yield of conventional solar stills. The experiments show that these modifications significantly improve the freshwater yield and enhance the energy and exergy efficiency.
Two design modifications to increase the evaporation/condensation and freshwater yield of conventional solar stills (CSS) are presented - absorber coating with black paint (BP) in which 10 wt % reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was dispersed, and use of a nano-silicon-coated glass cover alongside the rGO coated absorber. Water contact angle analysis revealed that the hydrophilic glass/condenser hindered water droplet movement, whereas the hydrophobic silicon-coated glass enabled significantly faster water droplet movement. The rGO-coated absorber SS, with 99.2% solar absorptivity, improved the average water temperature by 11% leading to an augmented full-day freshwater yield of 3031 mL (versus 2160 mL for the CSS). The synergistic effect of the nano-silicon-coated glass and rGO-coated absorber further enhanced the full-day freshwater yield to 3410 mL. Energy/ exergy analysis demonstrated enhanced efficiencies of the combined condenser and absorber coated SS of 37% (energy) and 112% (exergy), compared to the CSS. Non-linear characteristic equations described the instanta-neous gain in energy efficiency of the combined absorber and condenser coated SS. Absorber/basin exhibited the highest rate of irreversibility in all three SS. The cost of water was 0.01 $/L for the dual-modified still. Water physicochemical quality analysis before and after desalination revealed that the purified water was suitable for drinking.
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