Journal
SMALL
Volume 18, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200952
Keywords
flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators; GaN nanowires on metal; piezoelectricity; tungsten foil
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [2018R1A6A1A03024334, 2021M3D1A2039641]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2021M3D1A2039641] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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In this study, a high-performance, flexible, and highly stable piezoelectric nanogenerator was prepared by directly growing the Mg-doped semi-insulating GaN nanowires on a metal foil. The nanogenerator showed high output power density and was able to be tested and monitored under various conditions.
Rapid development of micro-electromechanical systems increases the need for flexible and durable piezoelectric nanogenerators (f-PNG) with high output power density. In this study, a high-performance, flexible, and highly stable f-PNG is prepared by directly growing the Mg-doped semi-insulating GaN nanowires (NWs) on a 30-mu m-thick tungsten foil using vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism. The direct growth of NWs on metal foil extends the overall lifetime of the f-PNG. The semi-insulating GaN NWs significantly enhance the piezoelectric performance of the f-PNG by reducing free electron density. Additionally, the direct integration of NWs on the tungsten foil improves the conductivity, resulting in current enhancement (2.5 mA) with an output power density of 13 mW cm(-2). The piezoelectric performance of the f-PNG is investigated under several bending angles, actuation frequencies, continuous vibrations, and airflow velocities. The maximum output voltage exhibited by the f-PNG is 20 V at a bending angle of 155 degrees. The f-PNG is connected to the backside of an index finger to monitor finger bending behavior by changing the current density. Depending on its flexibility and sensitivity, the f-PNG can be used as a health-monitoring sensor to be mounted on joints (fingers, hands, elbows, and knees) to monitor their repeated bending and relaxation.
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