Journal
SENSORS
Volume 22, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s22114151
Keywords
backscatter communication; Internet of Things (IoT); low power communications; radio frequency (RF) identification (RFID) sensors; software defined radios (SDRs)
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This study proposes a long-range zero interception ambient backscatter communication system using low power sensors. By utilizing chirp spread spectrum modulation on ambient signals, it enables low-cost and low-power communications over hundreds of meters.
Internet of Things applications based on backscatter radio principles have appeared to address the limitations of high cost and high power consumption. While radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensor nodes are among the most commonly utilized state-of-the-art technologies, their range for passive implementations is typically short and well below 10 m being impractical for rugged applications where approaching the tag at such proximity, is not convenient or safe. In this work, we propose a long-range zero interception ambient backscatter (LoRAB) communication system relying on low power sensor (tag) deployments. Without employing a dedicated radio transmission, our technology enables the zero interception communication of the tags with portable receivers over hundreds of meters. This enables low-cost and low-power communications across a wide range of missions by using chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation on ambient FM signals. A laboratory prototype exploiting commercial components (laptops, DAQ, software-defined radios (SDR) platform) have demonstrated the potential by achieving 130 m tag-to-reader distance for a low bit rate of 88 bps with the modulator current consumption at around 103 nA.
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