Journal
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 129, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105094
Keywords
Next generation read-across (RAX); New approach methodology (NAM); Next generation risk assessment (NGRA); Cosmetics safety assessment; Systemic toxicity; Physiologically-based biokinetic modelling; (PBK); Caffeine; Parabens
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This paper presents a 10-step read-across framework for cosmetics safety assessment when the threshold of toxicological concern approach is not possible. The framework builds on established approaches and incorporates new methodologies, such as in vitro assays and physiologically-based kinetic modelling, to substantiate hypotheses on toxicological similarity. The data from these new methodologies can be used to perform a next generation risk assessment for data-poor target substances based on data-rich analogues.
This paper presents a 10-step read-across (RAX) framework for use in cases where a threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) approach to cosmetics safety assessment is not possible. RAX builds on established approaches that have existed for more than two decades using chemical properties and in silico toxicology predictions, by further substantiating hypotheses on toxicological similarity of substances, and integrating new approach methodologies (NAM) in the biological and kinetic domains. NAM include new types of data on biological observations from, for example, in vitro assays, toxicogenomics, metabolomics, receptor binding screens and uses physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) modelling to inform about systemic exposure. NAM data can help to substantiate a mode/mechanism of action (MoA), and if similar chemicals can be shown to work by a similar MoA, a next generation risk assessment (NGRA) may be performed with acceptable confidence for a data-poor target substance with no or inadequate safety data, based on RAX approaches using data-rich analogue(s), and taking account of potency or kinetic/dynamic differences.
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