Spatio-temporal variability of the zooplankton community in the SW Mediterranean 1992-2020: Linkages with environmental drivers

Variability in the spatial and temporal distribution of the mesozooplankton abundance in the N Alboran Sea (SW Mediterranean) was assessed intermittently from 2010 to 2020, and compared with 1992-2000 historical time series data. Total abundance of mesozooplankton was significantly higher in the coast than in the shelf and slope waters. There were significant differences in mesozooplankton abundance between 1992-2000 and 2010-2020 at the three zones. Copepods dominated the mesozooplankton during winter and spring, but cladocerans and doliolids also became important components of the community in summer and autumn. We found significant increases between the first and the second decadal periods in the abundance of copepods, appendicularians, holoplanktonic gastropods and siphonophores in the shelf. However, in the coast, copepod nauplii, doliolids, gastropods and siphonophores increased, while euphausiids abundance decreased significantly. These trends contrast with the ongoing decline of the sardine stocks in European waters. Increasing temperature and decreasing predation pressure are suggested to be the main drivers of mesozooplankton variability.

Automated summary

Variability in the spatial and temporal distribution of mesozooplankton abundance in the N Alboran Sea was assessed from 2010 to 2020, and compared with historical data from 1992 to 2000. The study found significant differences in mesozooplankton abundance between the two time periods, as well as variations in composition throughout the seasons. Increasing temperature and decreasing predation pressure were suggested as the main drivers of mesozooplankton variability.