Journal
PLANTA
Volume 255, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03868-5
Keywords
Extra-large G-proteins; Heterotrimeric G-proteins; Plant growth and development; Plant defense; Stress adaptation
Categories
Funding
- Science and Engineering Board, India [EMR/2016/006433]
- DBT, India
- NIPGR
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The review summarizes the advanced understanding of heterotrimeric G-protein research in model plants and their emerging roles in modulating plant architecture and agronomical traits in crop species. The discovery of plant-specific G-protein components and unique modes of G-protein cycle regulation in plants highlight the differences between plant and animal G-protein signaling. While extensive studies in Arabidopsis have confirmed the involvement of G-proteins in plant growth, development, and stress adaptation, research in crop species is still in its infancy. However, a few studies suggest important roles of G-proteins in regulating plant architecture and key agronomical traits, indicating their potential in managing plant yield and fitness in changing environments.
Main conclusion The review summarizes our advanced understanding of the heterotrimeric G-protein research from model plants and their emerging roles in modulating various plant architecture and agronomical traits in crop species. Heterotrimeric G-proteins (hereafter G-proteins), consisting of G-alpha (G alpha), G-beta (G beta) and G-gamma (G gamma) subunits, are key signal transducers conserved across different forms of life. The discovery of plant lineage-specific G-protein components (extra-large G-proteins and type-C G gamma subunits), inherent polyploidy in angiosperms, and unique modes of G-protein cycle regulation in plants pointed out to a few fundamental differences of plant G-protein signaling from its animal counterpart. Over the last 2 decades, extensive studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have confirmed the involvement of G-proteins in a wide range of plant growth and development, and stress adaptation processes. The G-protein research in crop species, however, is still in its infancy, and a handful of studies suggest important roles of G-proteins in regulating plant architectural and key agronomical traits including plant's response to abiotic and biotic factors. We propose that the advancement made in plant G-proteins research will facilitate the development of novel approaches to manage plant yield and fitness in changing environments.
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