4.7 Article

Transcription Factors Controlling the Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis: Integrating Infection, Organogenesis and the Abiotic Environment

Journal

PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 63, Issue 10, Pages 1326-1343

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac063

Keywords

Abiotic stress; Differentiation; Infection; Nodule; Nutrition; Organogenesis; Rhizobium; Symbiosis

Funding

  1. US Department of Energy [DE-SC0018247]
  2. US National Science Foundation [2010789]
  3. Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Inovacion Tecnologica [PAPIIT-UNAM IN201320]
  4. Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [CONACyT A1-S-9454]
  5. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
  6. Direct For Biological Sciences [2010789] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  7. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0018247] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

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This article explores the transcriptional regulation mechanism of the symbiotic relationship between legume roots and rhizobia, highlighting the role of certain transcription factors in symbiosis and the response to the abiotic environment. The article also discusses the potential utility of modern methods in studying transcription factor-target interactions in plants.
Legume roots engage in a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia, leading to the development of nitrogen-fixing nodules. Nodule development is a sophisticated process and is under the tight regulation of the plant. The symbiosis initiates with a signal exchange between the two partners, followed by the development of a new organ colonized by rhizobia. Over two decades of study have shed light on the transcriptional regulation of rhizobium-legume symbiosis. A large number of transcription factors (TFs) have been implicated in one or more stages of this symbiosis. Legumes must monitor nodule development amidst a dynamic physical environment. Some environmental factors are conducive to nodulation, whereas others are stressful. The modulation of rhizobium-legume symbiosis by the abiotic environment adds another layer of complexity and is also transcriptionally regulated. Several symbiotic TFs act as integrators between symbiosis and the response to the abiotic environment. In this review, we trace the role of various TFs involved in rhizobium-legume symbiosis along its developmental route and highlight the ones that also act as communicators between this symbiosis and the response to the abiotic environment. Finally, we discuss contemporary approaches to study TF-target interactions in plants and probe their potential utility in the field of rhizobium-legume symbiosis.

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