Journal
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
Volume 197, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113123
Keywords
Cucumis sativus; Cucurbitaceae; Cucumber; Cucurbitacin; Triterpenoid; Cytotoxic; HepG2
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81773597, 81973205]
- Hong Kong Scholars Pro-gram [2021-164]
- Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2021JJ40245]
- Hunan Provincial Key Research and Devel-opment Project [2020NK2031]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2021YFD1600301]
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This study isolated ten cucurbitacin C analogues, including six compounds with inhibitory effects on tumor cell lines. Cucurbitacin C6 and C7 exhibited significant inhibition on HepG2 cell line. Cucumber is an important source of specialized metabolites in the food and medicinal industries.
Cucurbitacin C-type cucurbitacins that are only identified in Cucumis sativus (cucumber) are, in part, responsible for the health benefits and bitter flavor. Nevertheless, detailed information about those functional ingredients in cucumber is scarce. In this study, ten cucurbitacin C analogues including seven undescribed ones have been isolated from the bitter leaves of cucumber, in which six compounds showed growth inhibition capabilities against tumor cell lines HepG2, A549, DU145 and HCT116. Intriguingly, cucurbitacin C6 and C7 exhibited a significant inhibition effect compared to the positive control taxol (IC50 = 1.86 +/- 0.17 mu M) on HepG2 cell line with IC50 values of 10.06 +/- 0.34 mu M and 4.16 +/- 0.42 mu M, respectively. The mechanism of cucurbitacin-induced apoptosis is likely down-regulating the expression of caspase-related proteins. This work enlarges the knowledge of the cucurbitacins in cucumber and highlights the importance of cucumber as a source of specialized metabolites in the food and medicinal industries.
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