Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 128, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.195302
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- ERC Consolidator Grant (RARE) [681432]
- NFRI grant (MIRARE) of the Austrian Academy of Science [OAW0600]
- Austrian Science Fund FWF [I4391-N]
- DFG/FWF [FOR 2247/I4317-N36]
- FWF [I4426]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC-2123, 390837967]
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF)
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy
- European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant [801110]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I4391, I4426] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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A robust supersolid state can be formed in a two-dimensional system by directly evaporative cooling into the supersolid phase. The research provides a theoretical basis for the formation process of two-dimensional supersolids and defines a practical path to the formation of large two-dimensional supersolid arrays.
Dipolar condensates have recently been coaxed to form the long-sought supersolid phase. While onedimensional supersolids may be prepared by triggering a roton instability, we find that such a procedure in two dimensions (2D) leads to a loss of both global phase coherence and crystalline order. Unlike in 1D, the 2D roton modes have little in common with the supersolid configuration. We develop a finite temperature stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii theory that includes beyond-mean-field effects to explore the formation process in 2D and find that evaporative cooling directly into the supersolid phase???hence bypassing the first-order roton instability???can produce a robust supersolid in a circular trap. Importantly, the resulting supersolid is stable at the final nonzero temperature. We then experimentally produce a 2D supersolid in a near-circular trap through such an evaporative procedure. Our work provides insight into the process of supersolid formation in 2D and defines a realistic path to the formation of large two-dimensional supersolid arrays.
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