Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 128, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.183401
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Funding
- ERC Advanced Grant QENOCOBA under the EU Horizon 2020 program [742102]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC-2111-390814868]
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In this study, the interaction between the polaron quasiparticle and chemical recombination in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) was investigated using a Gaussian state variational method. The results show that the polaron cloud contributes to the formation of bound states and leads to a shift of the Efimov resonance, indicating the onset of polaronic instability.
Similar to an electron in a solid, an impurity in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is dressed by excitations from the medium, forming a polaron quasiparticle with modified properties. This impurity can also undergo chemical recombination with atoms from the BEC, a process resonantly enhanced when universal three-body Efimov bound states cross the continuum. To study the interplay between these phenomena, we use a Gaussian state variational method able to describe both Efimov physics and arbitrarily many excitations of the BEC. We show that the polaron cloud contributes to bound state formation, leading to a shift of the Efimov resonance to smaller interaction strengths. This shifted scattering resonance marks the onset of a polaronic instability towards the decay into large Efimov clusters and fast recombination, offering a remarkable example of chemistry in a quantum medium.
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