Is what you see what you get? The relationship between field observed and laboratory observed aphid parasitism rates in canola fields

Background Estimating parasitoid abundance in the field can be difficult, even more so when attempting to quantify parasitism rates and the ecosystem service of biological control that parasitoids can provide. To understand how 'field observed' parasitism rates (in-field mummy counts) of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) translate to 'laboratory observed' parasitism rates (laboratory-reared parasitoid counts), field work was undertaken in Australian canola fields, over the winter growing season. Results Overall, laboratory observed parasitism was on average 2.4 times higher than field observed parasitism, with rates an average of four-fold higher in fields from South Australia. Total field observed and laboratory observed parasitism rates (OPRs) of M. persicae varied considerably across regions, but less so among fields within regions. As crop growth stage progressed, the incidence of field observed mummies increased. The incidence of total parasitoids reared also increased with crop growth stage, averaging 3.4% during flowering and reaching 14.4% during podding/senescing. Although there was a greater diversity of reared parasitoid species at later crop growth stages, the laboratory OPR was unaffected by parasitoid species. Diaeretiella rapae was the most commonly reared parasitoid, increasing in absolute abundance with crop growth stage. Conclusion These findings indicate that field mummy counts alone do not provide a clear representation of parasitism within canola fields. (c) 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Automated summary

Field observed parasitism rates of green peach aphid were compared to laboratory observed parasitism rates, and it was found that laboratory rates were on average 2.4 times higher. The incidence of mummies and reared parasitoids increased as the crop growth stage progressed. The study highlights the limitations of relying solely on field mummy counts to assess parasitism in canola fields.