Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
Volume 167, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105674
Keywords
Primary motor cortex; Dopamine; M1 forelimb area; Motor learning; Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity; Parkinson's disease
Categories
Funding
- University of Bordeaux
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
- French government of the University of Bordeaux
- Bordeaux Neurocampus Department
- FRM [ECO201806006853]
- Bordeaux Neurocampus Ph.D. Program
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This article reviews the impact of dopamine depletion on the circuitry of the primary motor cortex (M1) in Parkinson's disease (PD) through studies in PD patients and animal models. The authors summarize the importance of dopamine in M1 physiology and discuss the effects of PD treatments on M1 functions.
The primary motor cortex (M1) is crucial for movement execution, especially dexterous ones, but also for cognitive functions like motor learning. The acquisition of motor skills to execute dexterous movements requires dopamine-dependent and-independent plasticity mechanisms within M1. In addition to the basal ganglia, M1 is disturbed in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about how the lack of dopamine (DA), characteristic of PD, directly or indirectly impacts M1 circuitry. Here we review data from studies of PD patients and the substantial research in non-human primate and rodent models of DA depletion. These models enable us to understand the importance of DA in M1 physiology at the behavioral, network, cellular, and synaptic levels. We first summarize M1 functions and neuronal populations in mammals. We then look at the origin of M1 DA and the cellular location of its receptors and explore the impact of DA loss on M1 physiology, motor, and executive functions. Finally, we discuss how PD treatments impact M1 functions.
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