Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
Volume 164, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105614
Keywords
Multi-omics; Epilepsy; Gut microbiota; Stool sampling; Extraction methods; Metagenomics; Metatranscriptomics; Metaproteomics; Metabolomics
Categories
Funding
- project: MINERVA [724734]
- European Research Council (ERC)-European Union
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The role of human microbiota in modulating neurological pathologies, particularly in relation to epilepsy, is a fascinating area of research. It has been found that intestinal bacteria mainly influence seizure frequency by releasing neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators. Integrated multi-omics approaches could be essential in understanding the complex microbial contribution to epilepsy pathophysiology.
The way the human microbiota may modulate neurological pathologies is a fascinating matter of research. Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, which has been largely investigated in correlation with microbiota health and function. However, the mechanisms that regulate this apparent connection are scarcely defined, and extensive effort has been conducted to understand the role of microbiota in preventing and reducing epileptic seizures. Intestinal bacteria seem to modulate the seizure frequency mainly by releasing neurotransmitters and inflammatory mediators. In order to elucidate the complex microbial contribution to epilepsy pathophysiology, integrated meta-omics could be pivotal. In fact, the combination of two or more meta-omics approaches allows a multifactorial study of microbial activity within the frame of disease or drug treatments. In this review, we provide information depicting and supporting the use of multi-omics to study the microbiota-epilepsy connection. We described different meta-omics analyses (metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics), focusing on current technical challenges in stool collection procedures, sample extraction methods and data processing. We further discussed the current advantages and limitations of using the integrative approach of multi-omics in epilepsy investigations.
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