Journal
NATURE PHOTONICS
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 390-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-022-00976-2
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11922416, 11974140, 61825502, 61827826, 61960206003]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019T120234]
- Hong Kong Research Grants Council [12302420, 12300419, 22302718, C6013-18G]
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The study successfully demonstrates non-Abelian braiding by controlling the geometric-phase matrix in a photonic chip, observing its key characteristics crucial for realizing quantum logics. The experiment showed the swapping of photon dwell sites in both classical-light and single-photon experiments, indicating the potential for implementing non-Abelian physics in photonics. The proposed on-chip photonic system opens up possibilities for studying non-Abelian physics and may lead to the development of next-generation non-Abelian photonic devices.
Non-Abelian braiding-a candidate for realizing quantum logics-is demonstrated by controlling the geometric-phase matrix in a photonic chip, and its key characteristics are observed. Non-Abelian braiding has attracted substantial attention because of its pivotal role in describing the exchange behaviour of anyons-candidates for realizing quantum logics. The input and outcome of non-Abelian braiding are connected by a unitary matrix that can also physically emerge as a geometric-phase matrix in classical systems. Hence it is predicted that non-Abelian braiding should have analogues in photonics, although a feasible platform and the experimental realization remain out of reach. Here we propose and experimentally realize an on-chip photonic system that achieves the non-Abelian braiding of up to five photonic modes. The braiding is realized by controlling the multi-mode geometric-phase matrix in judiciously designed photonic waveguide arrays. The quintessential effect of braiding-sequence-dependent swapping of photon dwell sites-is observed in both classical-light and single-photon experiments. Our photonic chips are a versatile and expandable platform for studying non-Abelian physics, and we expect the results to motivate next-generation non-Abelian photonic devices.
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