Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 27, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061836
Keywords
Polyopes affinis; atopic dermatitis; TARC/CCL17; MDC/CCL22; MAPKs; STAT1; NF-kappa B
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1A6A1A06015181]
- Incheon National University
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This study found that PAB extracts can inhibit the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis by regulating pro-inflammatory chemokines.
Polyopes affinis is a red algal species commonly found on the South coast and near Jeju Island, Korea. This study aimed to determine whether P. affinis extracts can inhibit the pathogenesis of T-helper-2 (Th2)-mediated inflammation in a human keratinocyte cell line of atopic dermatitis (AD). Cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and 10 ng/mL of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) at various concentrations of PAB (10, 30, and 60 mu g/mL) and PAA (100, 500, and 1000 mu g/mL) extracts. A gene-ontology (GO)-enrichment analysis revealed that PAB significantly enriched the genes associated with biological processes such as cell adhesion, immune response, inflammation, and chemokine-mediated pathways. PAB suppressed the expression of the secretory proteins and mRNAs that are associated with the thymus and the production of activation-regulated chemokines (TARC/CCL17) and macrophage-derived chemokines (MDC/CCL22). The effect of the extract on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was related to its inhibition of TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 production by blocking NF-kappa B and STAT1 activation. These results suggest that seaweed extract may improve AD by regulating pro-inflammatory chemokines. In conclusion, we first confirmed the existence of phloroglucinol, a polyphenol formed from a precursor called phlorotannin, which is present in PAB, and this result proved the possibility of PAB being used as a treatment for AD.
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