Journal
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
Volume 27, Issue 8, Pages 3150-3163Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01564-0
Keywords
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Funding
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), Brazil
- Institutional Scientific Initiation Scholarship Program (PIBIC)
- CNPq
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Scientific Initiation Program (BIC-UFRGS)
- FAPESP
- Brazilian National Council of Scientific Development [CNPq-1B]
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP)
- UK Academy of Medical Sciences (Newton Advanced Fellowship)
- International Health Cohort Consortium (IHCC)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico
- Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Brazil
- FIPE (Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa e Eventos) from Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Sao Paulo Research State Foundation (FAPESP) [20/05441-9]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [20/05441-9] Funding Source: FAPESP
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with persistent inflammation, which may explain the increased prevalence of autoimmune conditions and accelerated aging in patients. In comparison to healthy controls, concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are significantly higher in individuals with PTSD.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with persistent, low-degree inflammation, which could explain the increased prevalence of autoimmune conditions and accelerated aging among patients. The aim of the present study is to assess which inflammatory and oxidative stress markers are associated with PTSD. We carried out a meta-analytic and meta-regression analysis based on a systematic review of studies comparing inflammatory and oxidative stress markers between patients with PTSD and controls. We undertook meta-analyses whenever values of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were available in two or more studies. Overall, 28,008 abstracts were identified, and 54 studies were included, with a total of 8394 participants. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Concentrations of C-reactive protein (SMD = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.06; p = 0.0031; k = 12), interleukin 6 (SMD = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.52; p = 0.0014; k = 32), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.23 to 1.55; p = 0.0080; k = 24) were significantly increased in patients with PTSD in comparison with healthy controls. Interleukin 1 beta levels almost reached the threshold for significance (SMD = 1.20; 95% CI: -0.04 to 2.44; p = 0.0569; k = 15). No oxidative stress marker was associated with PTSD. These findings may explain why PTSD is associated with accelerated aging and illnesses in which immune activation has a key role, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. In addition, they pointed to the potential role of inflammatory markers as therapeutic targets.
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