Circular RNA migration in agarose gel electrophoresis

Circular RNAs are garnering increasing interest as potential regulatory RNAs and a format for gene expression. The characterization of circular RNA using analytical techniques commonly employed in the literature, such as gel electrophoresis, can, under differing conditions, yield different results when attempting to distinguish circular RNA from linear RNA of similar molecular weights. Here, we describe circular RNA migration in different conditions, analyzed by gel electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We characterize key parameters that affect the migration pattern of circular RNA in gel electrophoresis systems, which include gel type, electrophoresis time, sample buffer composition, and voltage. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of orthogonal analytical tests for circular RNA that take advantage of its covalently closed structure to further distinguish circular RNA from linear RNA following in vitro synthesis.

Automated summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are potential regulatory RNAs and a form of gene expression. This study investigates the migration patterns of circRNAs under different conditions using gel electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Various parameters affecting circRNA migration, such as gel type, electrophoresis time, sample buffer composition, and voltage, are characterized. Additionally, a novel orthogonal analytical test is demonstrated to distinguish circRNA from linear RNA based on their covalently closed structure.