Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 178, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113591
Keywords
Microplastics; Quantum cascade laser; LDIR; Fish gastrointestinal tract; Automatic evaporation; Enzymatic-oxidative digestion
Funding
- LAnd-Based Solutions for PLAstics in the Sea Project (LABPLAS Project), under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [101003954]
- Integrated approach on the fate of MicroPlastics (MPs) towards healthy marine ecosystems Project (MicroplastiX project) - JPIOceans Program [PCI2020-112145]
- European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR
- Program 'Consolidacion e Estructuracion de Unidades de Investigacion Competitivas of the Galician Government (Xunta de Galicia) [ED431C 2021/56]
- [MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033]
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The frequent reports of microplastics in fish stomachs have raised societal and environmental concerns as they can accumulate along the food chain. The analysis of microplastics in fish requires addressing two main challenges: sample treatment and final characterization. This study proposes a novel method using a quantum cascade laser-based device for faster characterization, but it also faces challenges in sample processing and particle handling.
Societal and environmental concern due to frequent reports of microplastics in fish stomachs raised as they may accumulate along the trophic chain. The request for analysing microplastics in fish stresses two major analytical issues: sample treatment and final characterization. The, so far, workhorse for chemical characterization is infrared spectroscopy which is time-consuming. Here, a quantum cascade laser-based device is used to accelerate the characterization stage. Its novelty poses new challenges for sample processing and particle handling because the unknown particles must be transferred to a reflective slide. In this study, three sample digestion protocols (alkaline-oxidative with H2O2, and alkaline-oxidative with NaClO and enzymatic-oxidative) and three different procedures to transfer the filter cake to reflective slides are compared. A simplified enzymatic-oxidative digestion (validated through an interlaboratory exercise) combined with a Syncore (R) automatic evaporation system and a Laser Direct Infrared Imaging (LDIR) device is proposed first time as a reliable and relatively fast method to treat gastrointestinal tracts of fish. Analytical recoveries were studied using samples of Scomber scombrus and they were ca. 100% for big -i.e., > 500 pm-and ca. 90% for medium -i.e., 200-300 pm-particles and ca. 75% for 10 pm thick fibres.
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