Synthesis mechanisms and effects of BaTiO3 doping on the optical properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 lead-free ceramics

Research in (1-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3, (x = 0.01 to 0.09), (known as BNT-BT) perovskite materials ranges from fundamental scientific analysis like crystal structure, optical and electrical properties to technologies for advanced energy storage batteries, low-power electronics, sensors, and energy conversion devices. The properties observed in this versatile materials class originate, in part, from the ability to connect crystallographic structures with several applications. The aim of this review article is the emerging technologies in BNT-BT materials by several syntheses aimed to reach unexplored portions of the crystallographic structure with optical property for rational materials design. The four chemistry dependent strategies have been reviewed: crystal structure with the domain-super lattice, synthesis routes, comparison of particle size, microstructure and Raman spectra. Finally, this article touches on the new functionalities of BNT-BT that the material could attain through external applications and highlight unresolved problems.