Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

Editorial Material Psychiatry

Targetable Biological Mechanisms Implicated in Emergent Psychiatric Conditions Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Teodor T. Postolache et al.

Summary: This viewpoint discusses the targetable biological mechanisms involved in emergent psychiatric conditions associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

JAMA PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Neurobiochemical Cross-talk Between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease

Mohammad Azizur Rahman et al.

Summary: The review highlights the common links between COVID-19 and AD, emphasizing the importance of understanding these shared factors in developing therapeutic strategies, particularly in the urgent need for COVID-19 medication and the cognitive disruptions in AD.

MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Invited Review: The spectrum of neuropathology in COVID-19

S. Al-Sarraj et al.

Summary: Patients with COVID-19 show a range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, with potential involvement of the central nervous system directly through viral invasion or indirectly through other mechanisms. Further pathological studies are needed to clarify the relationship between neuropathological changes and clinical features observed in COVID-19 patients.

NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19: Current understanding of its Pathophysiology, Clinical presentation and Treatment

Anant Parasher

Summary: COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has rapidly spread globally and presents in a spectrum of mild, moderate, and severe illness. Diagnosis is currently based on reverse-transcription PCR of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples, with treatment including ventilation, antipyretics, antivirals, antibiotics, and steroids.

POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study (Publication with Expression of Concern. See vol. 401, pg. 90, 2023)

Chaolin Huang et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term health consequences of discharged COVID-19 patients and associated risk factors, particularly disease severity. Patients with more severe illness during hospitalization showed more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for long-term recovery.

LANCET (2021)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Hypertension is a clinically important risk factor for critical illness and mortality in COVID-19: A meta-analysis

Yanbin Du et al.

Summary: This study suggests that hypertension may be an independent risk factor for critical COVID-19 and mortality. Male patients and those over 60 years old have a higher risk of developing critical conditions and mortality from COVID-19.

NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (2021)

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Article Respiratory System

Patient outcomes after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and implications for follow-up: results from a prospective UK cohort

David T. Arnold et al.

Summary: The study found that most COVID-19 patients still experienced persistent symptoms and limitations in physical ability during the recovery period, but clinically significant abnormalities in chest radiograph, exercise tests, blood tests, and spirometry were less frequent, especially in patients who did not require supplementary oxygen during their acute infection.

THORAX (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Persistent Brainstem Dysfunction in Long-COVID: A Hypothesis

Shin Jie Yong

Summary: Long-COVID is a postviral illness that can affect survivors of COVID-19, potentially caused by long-term tissue damage, viral persistence, and dysfunction of the brainstem. The brainstem plays a crucial role in manifesting symptoms, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological functions, thus potentially linking it to long-COVID.

ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Immunology

Persistent psychopathology and neurocognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivors: Effect of inflammatory biomarkers at three-month follow-up

Mazza Mario Gennaro et al.

Summary: The mental health implications and cognitive status of COVID-19 pneumonia survivors were prospectively evaluated one and three months after hospital discharge. 35.8% of patients still self-rated symptoms in the clinical range in at least one psychopathological dimension at three months post-discharge. Baseline systemic immune-inflammation index predicted self-rated depressive symptomatology and cognitive impairment at three-months follow-up.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cognitive decline among individuals with history of mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A longitudinal prospective study nested to a population cohort

Oscar H. Del Brutto et al.

Summary: This study provides evidence of cognitive decline among individuals with mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pathogenesis of this complication remains unknown. Seropositive individuals were found to have a higher risk of cognitive decline compared to seronegative individuals.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

The performance of the National Early Warning Score and National Early Warning Score 2 in hospitalised patients infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

Ina Kostakis et al.

Summary: The study showed that NEWS or NEWS2 had good and similar performance in predicting death or intensive care unit admission in patients with COVID-19 and other groups, indicating that amendments to NEWS or NEWS2 may not be necessary for COVID-19 patients.

RESUSCITATION (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cognitive impairment and a ered cerebral glucose metabolism in the subacute stage of COVID-19

Jonas A. Hosp et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a prospective cohort study investigated neurological and cognitive symptoms in hospitalized patients, revealing that gustation and olfaction were commonly affected, along with cognitive impairment. Abnormalities in neuronal metabolism were associated with cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of neurological monitoring in COVID-19 patients.

BRAIN (2021)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Hyposmia Is Associated with Reduced Cognitive Function in COVID-19: First Preliminary Results

Agnes Pirker-Kees et al.

Summary: The study found that olfactory dysfunction is associated with cognitive impairment in both mild COVID-19 patients and controls. Olfactory dysfunction may serve as a potentially useful clinical biomarker for subtle and even subclinical neurological involvement in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus-2 infection.

DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

Ani Nalbandian et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, causing global healthcare crises. Recovery from COVID-19 may lead to persistent symptoms and long-term complications, prompting the need for multidisciplinary care and follow-up for survivors.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Psychiatry

A systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric sequalae of COVID-19: implications for treatment

William Michael Vanderlind et al.

Summary: COVID-19 infection is associated with cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms in survivors, including anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disruption. Severity of acute illness is not directly predictive of severity of cognitive or mental health issues, and risk factors for psychiatric symptoms may include female sex, perceived stigma related to COVID-19, infection of a family member, social isolation, and prior psychiatry history. Longitudinal research is needed to understand the long-term effects on cognitive and psychiatric functioning.

CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Neuroimaging

Resting-state electroencephalographic biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease

Giordano Cecchetti et al.

Summary: The study identified theta frequency as the earliest and most sensitive EEG marker of AD pathology, and highlighted the potential role of the alpha2 band as a neurodegeneration biomarker. Analyzing EEG and fMRI data at different frequency bands allowed for more accurate differentiation of MCI and AD patients as well as healthy controls.

NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

Depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms affecting hospitalized and home-isolated COVID-19 patients: a comparative cross-sectional study

Amany Elshabrawy Mohamed et al.

Summary: This study found that a significant number of patients diagnosed with the COVID-19 virus develop depressive, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms, whether they were isolated in the hospital or at home. Patients with a medical background and those in the home-isolated group were more likely to experience these psychiatric symptoms.

MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY-MECPSYCH (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records

Maxime Taquet et al.

Summary: Our study provides evidence of significant neurological and psychiatric morbidity in the 6 months following COVID-19 infection. The risks were highest in patients with severe COVID-19. This information could assist in service planning and research priority identification.

LANCET PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Hematology