Related references
Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rezvan Salehidoost et al.
Summary: Prolonged excess of glucocorticoids can lead to metabolic alterations, including increased gluconeogenesis, reduced insulin sensitivity, inhibited insulin secretion, and increased fat tissue and free fatty acid levels. These metabolic changes can have negative impacts on health and mortality, highlighting the importance of long-term monitoring.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert P. Millar et al.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena Valassi
Summary: This study presents data on the clinical presentation at diagnosis in 1564 patients with Cushing's syndrome. The most frequent symptoms were weight gain, hypertension, skin alterations, and myopathy. Men were more likely to experience reduced libido and bone fractures, while women were more likely to have skin alterations and menstrual irregularities. Patients had poor quality of life at diagnosis, and there was a delay of 2 years between symptom onset and diagnosis. It is important to develop strategies to shorten the time to diagnosis and start treatment promptly to reduce the burden on patients' psychophysical health.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leah T. Braun et al.
Summary: Patients with Cushing's syndrome have increased multisystem morbidity and mortality, presenting clinical problems such as hypertension, diabetes, overweight, and myopathy. Mortality is particularly high during active disease and within the first year after diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alies J. Dekkers et al.
Summary: The clinical manifestations of metabolism and cardiovascular system in patients with Cushing's syndrome are well-known. However, recent studies have shown that hypercortisolism, both endogenous and exogenous, affects brain functioning at different time scales. This review discusses the effects of hypercortisolism on the brain, the prevalence of cognitive and neuropsychological deficits, and their course after remission. Possible underlying neuronal changes are also proposed based on experimental models and in vitro studies. Recommendations for future studies are provided.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aimee R. Hayes et al.
Summary: In the context of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, ectopic ACTH secretion from a neuroendocrine tumour needs to be differentiated carefully from pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, Cushing's disease, for optimal therapy. Diagnosis may be difficult as clinical and biochemical tests may overlap with Cushing's disease. Imaging is essential and should be interpreted considering both anatomical and functional imaging modalities.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Helene Lasolle et al.
Summary: Pituitary tumors are usually benign, but aggressive pituitary tumors and carcinomas are rare and challenging to treat, with high mortality rates. Most of these are corticotroph tumors, which have special prognoses. Current clinical, pathological, and molecular prognostic markers are limited, making early management difficult. Temozolomide is the first-line treatment, with immune checkpoint inhibitors as alternative options for temozolomide treatment failure.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ross Hamblin et al.
Summary: Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is rarely encountered during pregnancy and the diagnosis is challenging. Conclusive recommendations or a standardized management approach for all patients with CS in pregnancy cannot be made due to the lack of comprehensive literature. Management decisions, including surgery, medical control, or conservative approach, should be highly individualized and consider various factors such as stage of gestation, tumor localization, severity of CS, maternal comorbidity, and patient choice.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jean-Francois Bonneville et al.
Summary: Pituitary MRI is essential for the diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, but its results can vary. The expertise of the neuroradiologist, the use of a Tesla 3.0 MRI, and the choice of sequences are important factors. T2 and 3D gradient echo sequences after gadolinium injection are the most informative and can detect most macro- and microadenomas. However, diagnosing picoadenomas (<3-4 mm) remains challenging.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia Simon et al.
Summary: Corticotroph tumours are sporadic monoclonal neoplasms, with USP8 gene mutations found in around half of cases. TP53 and ATXR mutations may indicate transition to a more aggressive tumour phenotype. The role and importance of other genomic alterations remain to be elucidated.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Balomenaki et al.
Summary: Cushing's syndrome is a rare but detrimental endocrine disorder, and early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial. The diagnostic approach involves a stepwise process of screening, confirming the diagnosis, and establishing the etiology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frederic Castinetti
Summary: Transsphenoidal surgery is the first-line treatment for Cushing's disease, but medical treatment is also an option in certain cases, such as severe hypercortisolism, short-term treatment before surgery, long-term treatment after failed surgery, or while waiting for the full effect of radiation therapy. The approach to medical treatment varies depending on the severity of hypercortisolism, with a block and replace approach for severe cases and a titration approach for mild cases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacques Drouin
Summary: Cells acquire their identity and properties through a series of events and transcription factor regulation, which determine their unique gene expression program and epigenomic state. Studying these developmental processes is crucial for understanding the unique features of cell lineages and the mechanisms underlying disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Richard N. Clayton
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Juergen Honegger et al.
Summary: Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is the preferred initial treatment for Cushing's disease (CD), with microscopic TSS and endoscopic TSS being the two available surgical techniques. Repeat TSS can achieve remission rates of over 70% for microadenomas. Early postoperative assessment of remission status and a steroid-sparing protocol are recommended for postoperative management. Prophylactic antithrombotic measures can significantly reduce the risk of postoperative thromboembolic events. Prevention or successful treatment of cortisol withdrawal syndrome remains a challenge. The development of functional imaging holds promise for improved preoperative detection of microadenomas. Intraoperative identification of microadenomas using specific fluorescent targeting is a promising future avenue.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laurence Guignat et al.
Summary: Transsphenoidal surgery is the first-line treatment for Cushing's disease, with a remission rate of 70%-80%. However, the long-term remission rate is lower due to recurrence. Postoperative corticotroph insufficiency and its duration have been found to be protective factors against recurrence. Long-term monitoring with clinical and hormonal investigations is advised after postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
I. Jonathan Pomeraniec et al.
Summary: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an effective treatment for pituitary adenomas, but the mechanism of delayed endocrine deficits is not well understood. This multicenter study aimed to evaluate radiation tolerance and identify predictors of delayed hypopituitarism after SRS for these tumors. The study found that tumor control was achieved in a high percentage of patients, but a significant number developed new loss of pituitary function, with certain factors such as tumor type, age, and radiation dose playing a role.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
David Mathieu et al.
Summary: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) provides effective tumor control for secretory pituitary adenomas, but has a lower rate of endocrine improvement or remission.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adomas Bunevicius et al.
Summary: This study found that technological advancements and growing center experience were important factors for improved endocrine remission rates in patients with CD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adomas Bunevicius et al.
Summary: The study found that early GKRS is associated with a higher rate of endocrine remission, while late GKRS is associated with a lower rate of endocrine remission. Early GKRS should be considered for patients with CD after incomplete pituitary adenoma resection.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Luigi Albano et al.
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes of Gamma Knife radiosurgery for pituitary tumors over the past twenty years showed that it is safe and effective, with good tumor control and remission rates for both non-secreting and secreting tumors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diogo Cordeiro et al.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Daniel M. Trifiletti et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew J. Shepard et al.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gautam U. Mehta et al.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2017)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marco Losa et al.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lynnette K. Nieman et al.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2015)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Josef Marek et al.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason P. Sheehan et al.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2013)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhiyuan Xu et al.
Article
Oncology
Gianluisa Sicignano et al.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2012)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicholas A. Tritos et al.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2011)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marco Losa et al.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2010)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. M. K. Biller et al.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2008)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marco Losa et al.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2008)
Article
Oncology
Giuseppe Minniti et al.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Castinetti et al.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2007)
Article
Clinical Neurology
RD Dickerman et al.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2002)