Microencapsulation of probiotic starter culture in protein-carbohydrate carriers using spray and freeze-drying processes: Implementation in whey-based beverages

The production of functional beverages has gained more attention because of growing consumers' interest in personal health. The process of carrier production and characterization of a novel type of protein-carbohydrate carriers for functional beverages with a focus on cell protection during fermentation, gastrointestinal, and storage conditions are shown in this study. Probiotic starter culture was microencapsulated using spray and freeze-drying techniques and then implemented in whey-based beverages. Encapsulation materials used are whey protein concentrate, whey, and sodium alginate. The encapsulation efficiency results were over 76.8% and 81.4%, after spray and freeze-drying respectively, depending on the carrier formulation. The culture in freezedried carriers reached a higher survival rate (> 7.5 log10(CFUg(-1))) than one's encapsulated by spray-drying technique during storage. Microencapsulation of the culture significantly improved cell viability in gastrointestinal and storage conditions compared with free cells. Usage of both encapsulation techniques showed potential regarding cell preservation in production and storage.

Automated summary

The production and characterization of a novel type of protein-carbohydrate carriers for functional beverages, focusing on cell protection during fermentation, gastrointestinal, and storage conditions, are shown in this study. Probiotic starter culture was microencapsulated using spray and freeze-drying techniques and then implemented in whey-based beverages. The encapsulation efficiency results were over 76.8% and 81.4% after spray and freeze-drying, respectively. The freeze-dried carriers showed a higher survival rate during storage compared to the ones encapsulated by spray-drying. Microencapsulation significantly improved cell viability in gastrointestinal and storage conditions. Both encapsulation techniques showed potential in cell preservation during production and storage.