Opportunities and challenges in CO2 utilization

CO2 utilizations are essential to curbing the greenhouse gas effect and managing the environmental pollutant in an energy-efficient and economically-sound manner. This paper seeks to critically analyze these technologies in the context of each other and highlight the most important utilization avenues available thus far. This review will introduce and analyze each major pathway, and discuss the overall applicability, potential extent, and major limitations of each of these pathways to utilizing CO2. This will include the analysis of some previously underreported utilization avenues, including CO2 utilization in industrial filtration and the processing of raw industrial materials such as iron and alumina. The core theme of this paper is to seek to treat CO2 as a commodity instead of a liability. (C) 2021 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Automated summary

This paper critically analyzes CO2 utilization technologies and highlights the most important utilization avenues. It discusses the applicability, potential extent, and limitations of each pathway, and introduces previously underreported utilization avenues.