Immune response of booster doses of BBIBP-CORV vaccines against the variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2

Background: Booster doses for COVID-19 vaccinations are currently recommended and approved in many countries. However, we need more evidence on the immune response of individuals to booster doses of inactivated vaccines and the neutralizing effect against the variants of concerns of SARS-CoV-2. Objective: To compare the fold reduction in antibody titers against the variants of concerns of SARS-CoV-2 between the primary doses and booster dose vaccine cohorts of inactivated BBIBP-CorV vaccine. Study design: In this observational study Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) assay was done on pooled serum samples of the recipients of primary two doses of inactivated BBIBP-CorV and on the pooled serum samples of recipients of a booster dose of inactive BBIBP-CorV. The neutralizing antibody titers against the wild (Wuhan) strain and the variants of concern (alpha, beta and delta) were compared. Results: The serum sample pool from the booster cohort had high neutralizing antibody titers against the SARSCoV-2 variants compared to the pooled serum samples of the recipients of primary two doses of inactivated BBIBP-CorV and the difference was statistically significant. The observed fold reduction in antibody titers from the serum pool of recipients of two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine were 3.7-fold, 14.6-fold and 10.4-fold compared to 1.8-fold, 6.5-fold and 3.8-fold reduction against the alpha, beta and delta lineages respectively in the serum pool of recipient of a booster dose (three doses of BBIBP-CorV). Conclusion: Booster doses of inactive BBIBP-CORV offered better protection against the variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2.

Automated summary

This study compares the difference in neutralizing antibody titers against variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2 between primary doses and booster doses of the inactivated BBIBP-CorV vaccine. The results show that the booster dose provides better protection against the variants of concern.