Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 135, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259622
Keywords
Proteasome; Core particle; Assembly; Chaperone; Cryo-electron microscopy
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01-GM144367, R01-GM135337]
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Cellular activities are often mediated by large multisubunit complexes, which require dedicated chaperone proteins for biogenesis. The proteasome, a crucial cellular regulator, consists of core particle and regulatory particle. The biogenesis pathway of CP involves a multistep process with the assistance of specific chaperones.
Much of cellular activity is mediated by large multisubunit complexes. However, many of these complexes are too complicated to assemble spontaneously. Instead, their biogenesis is facilitated by dedicated chaperone proteins, which are themselves excluded from the final product. This is the case for the proteasome, a ubiquitous and highly conserved cellular regulator that mediates most selective intracellular protein degradation in eukaryotes. The proteasome consists of two subcomplexes: the core particle (CP), where proteolysis occurs, and the regulatory particle (RP), which controls substrate access to the CP. Ten chaperones function in proteasome biogenesis. Here, we review the pathway of CP biogenesis, which requires five of these chaperones and proceeds through a highly ordered multistep pathway. We focus on recent advances in our understanding of CP assembly, with an emphasis on structural insights. This pathway of CP biogenesis represents one of the most dramatic examples of chaperone-mediated assembly and provides a paradigm for understanding how large multisubunit complexes can be produced.
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